Visual concrete

The majority of concrete used in construction is hidden but there are an increasing number of developments which use concrete expressively. Visual concrete is available in a range of finishes from the most basic, utilitarian surface, appropriate for a plant room through to highly finished cladding for a corporate headquarters or gallery, and every quality of finish in between.

有许多旨在使未完成或暴露的混凝土产品以及可以设计为视觉混凝土的施工解决方案。它们包括原位铸造，预制，杂种和砌体。在所有情况下，都必须提前设计或选择，以确定客户和设计团队所需的表面质量。

近年来，在建筑物的内部看到了许多裸露或涂漆的混凝土的例子，其中结构框架和地板未完成以优化亚搏娱乐网站of the concrete as part of an energy efficiency heating and cooling strategy. Concrete designed to be exposed, but painted should also be identified pre-tender for appropriate specification.

Download The Concrete Centre guidance on Visual Concrete.

The benefits of exposed concrete include:

• Avoids additional finishing materials and their associated costs, waste and programme
• Optimises thermal mass effect
• Minimal long-term maintenance requirements
• Visually attractive
• Variety of available finishes, textures and colours
• 不同的形状和形式
• 成本效益
• Durable
• Non-flammable with no spread of flame
• Inert material, so no off-gassing
• Resistant to mould and insects
• Robust
• Flood resilient
• Range of construction solutions available
• Potential canvas for future finishes if desired
• 最佳材料效率：提供最终完成的结构
• 结构材料通常超过最小防火性和隔热性

达到视觉混凝土的技巧

Specification and prelims. Specify visual concrete at tender stage to ensure inclusion in contract:

• 确定所需的视觉混凝土区域。
• Choose formwork facing to suit the smoothness and texture of concrete finish required. Guidance is available from formwork suppliers.
• Describe the extent of permissible surface irregularities and construction tolerances, e.g. no. of blowholes/m^2。
• 设置模板，包括绑带螺栓位置，以指示在招标阶段的要求。
• 考虑协调日工作关节的位置（如有必要，以及运动接头）。
• 释放剂与混凝土混合物，表面脸和任何增塑剂或混合物兼容。使用中性pH非染色释放剂。
• Include a clause to prohibit making good without prior approval by the architect of the technique proposed by the specialist contractor.
• Include a sample panel, to agree quality on-site to inform design team/client and contractor expectations. This is especially important with regard to colour and allowable blemishes.

现场质量和做工。需要特别注意的领域：

• 甚至释放代理的应用。
• 模板 - 尤其是毗邻或密封的接头，间隔位置，损坏区域。
• 整个模板类型应相同。
• Appropriate falsework to ensure required tolerances are achievable.
• 一致的供应（特别是水泥供应，水/水泥比和聚集体）。
• 植物和送货卡车应在批处理和交付之前清洁。
• Control pours to ensure day joints are where required.
• 合适的混凝土放置以最大程度地减少颜色和完成变化。
• 使用正确的设备，例如，足够的压实，例如接触模板的振动射手会损坏其表面并导致染色。
• 1-2小时后，将垂直倒入的顶部复制，以消除顶部的颜色带。
• 在施工工程期间，应充分保护混凝土，以限制固化不平衡的损害和变色。在本质上，应保护混凝土的混凝土应受到雨水的保护。

Formwork. Points to consider:

• Joints – control junctions, especially between floors and vertical structure. Seal to avoid loss of fines and consequential blemishes.
• 角关节 - 建立所需的ARRIS细节；例如与倒角角相比，右角外角更容易受到伤害
• 面板布局 - 通常可以看到模板中的关节，因此将其视为设计的一部分。密封接头以最大程度地减少视觉冲击。尝试在不太突出的区域定位现场切割模板关节。
• 施工关节/日工作关节 - 尝试在不太突出的地区定位一日式工作关节。
• 释放代理 - 按照制造商的说明均匀，严格地应用。
• Striking times – should be consistent where colour variation is critical as exposure will effect curing rates and therefore colour.
• 即使有最佳意图，修复模板的表面饰面也很可能会永久影响最终的饰面。
• Reinforcement – ties should preferably be stainless steel. Protect exposed reinforcement bars to avoid rust staining to adjacent concrete or formwork.
• 盖子/垫片 - 比其他技术相比，在裸露的拱腹上散布和颜色搭配混凝土的狗骨型空间不太可能在裸露的拱腹上可见。垫片以错误的方式导致桥接。
• Avoid fixing through face of formwork; otherwise very careful filling will be required. Alternatively acknowledge the fixings as a feature of the final finish.

General tips:

• 请参阅现有的规范工艺示例，以将标准设置为“招标”（这对客户来说也很有用）。亚博会员vip6
• 承认某些瑕疵是不可避免的，它们是混凝土特征的一部分。
• 如果需要一个无瑕疵的表面，请允许填充和制作良好，并指定装饰外套。
• 对预算可实现的质量保持现实。
• 标准板规模（122m x 2.44m）将是最经济的。
• For very pale concrete mixes an early morning pour of concrete is less likely to be miscoloured due to contaminants in the mix.
• 考虑使用密封剂来改善风化/维护。
• Communicate visual concrete requirements to ALL trades on site to avoid damage.
• 混凝土治愈后变得更轻。因此，应在样品面板上尽可能迟迟地同意制作良好或填充绑带螺栓的混合物，以实现更接近的颜色匹配。
• Self-compacting concrete also gives a good finish and eliminates the use of vibrators. Sample panels are still necessary.